Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a chronic eye disease that occurs when tissue in the macula, the part of your retina responsible for central vision, deteriorates.   

The macula’s fragile cells are highly susceptible to damage from free radicals. Early research shows that people with a low dietary intake of antioxidants (nutrients that fight the damaging effects of free radicals in the body) may be at increased risk of developing AMD.

Alcohol may also deplete the body of antioxidants, and high levels of saturated fats and cholesterol harm blood vessels and are also involved in producing free radical reactions that can damage the macula.

The good news? Recent studies suggest that two phytochemicals, lutein and zeaxanthin, may play a role in delaying the onset of AMD. Both are found in orange fruits and vegetables. For more on phytochemicals, read the tip sheet on Phytochemicals.

Another recent study indicates that eating plenty of fish can decrease your risk of AMD. Fish provides the type of fatty acid that’s abundant in the retina.

If you already have AMD, talk to your doctor or health practitioner about supplements with high levels of antioxidants and some minerals. Some studies indicate this may slow the progression of advanced AMD and delay vision loss, but supplements are not appropriate for everyone.   

While specific parts of a healthy diet have a direct benefit for eye health, healthy eating and active living in general are important, too. They can help prevent or control conditions such as diabetes, heart disease and high blood pressure, all of which may affect your vision.